ASTM A992 6*12/12*16 Hot Rolled American Wide Flange Steel Beams W Beam

Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ obosara flange w bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na ebili mmiri niile ma bụrụ ezigbo onye ndoro-ndoro maka ọtụtụ usoro nhazi. A na-ejikarị ihe eji agba agba agba anụnụ anụnụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ mara ha, flange na-abụghị nke a na-edobe, yana ebe etiti dị ogologo maka ike ka ukwuu. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu, nchara flange obosara nchara bụ ihe eji arụ ọrụ, nke a na-ejikarị ebu ibu gafere na axis ogologo ya (web). Ogwe flange obosara igwe na-adị arọ karịa ọkọlọtọ w beams ma ọ bụ obere ibé.ASTM A992 / A572-50 / A529-50 bụ ọkọlọtọ nkọwa maka nhazi ígwè.
Maka ozi ndị ọzọ gbasara nha ihe, na/ma ọ bụ arịrịọ asambodo biko kpọtụrụ anyịOnye njikwa ịre ahịa.
W Beams - Oghere Flange obosara America - Paramita kwụ ọtọ
Nhọpụta | Omimi | Obosara | Ọkpụrụkpụ Weebụ | Ọkpụrụkpụ Flange | Mpaghara ngalaba | Ibu | Paramita static | |||
Imperial | h | w | tw | tf | (n'ime 2) | (lbf/ft) | ||||
(na x lb/ft) | (n'ime) | (n'ime) | (n'ime) | (n'ime) | Oge nke Inertia | Modul ngalaba na-agbanwe agbanwe | ||||
Ix | Iy | Sx | Sy | |||||||
(n'ime 4) | (n'ime 4) | (n'ime 3) | (n'ime 3) | |||||||
W 27 x 178 | 27.8 | 14.09 | 0,725 | 1.19 | 52.3 | 178 | 6990 | 555 | 502 | 78.8 |
W 27 x 161 | 27.6 | 14.02 | 0.66 | 1.08 | 47.4 | 161 | 6280 | 497 | 455 | 70.9 |
W 27 x 146 | 27.4 | 14 | 0,605 | 0,975 | 42.9 | 146 | 5630 | 443 | 411 | 63.5 |
W 27 x 114 | 27.3 | 10.07 | 0.57 | 0.93 | 33.5 | 114 | 4090 | 159 | 299 | 31.5 |
W 27×102 | 27.1 | 10.02 | 0,515 | 0.83 | 30 | 102 | 3620 | 139 | 267 | 27.8 |
W 27 x 94 | 26.9 | 10 | 0.49 | 0,745 | 27.7 | 94 | 3270 | 124 | 243 | 24.8 |
W 27 x 84 | 26.7 | 9.96 | 0.46 | 0.64 | 24.8 | 84 | 2850 | 106 | 213 | 21.2 |
W 24 x 162 | 25 | 13 | 0,705 | 1.22 | 47.7 | 162 | 5170 | 443 | 414 | 68.4 |
W 24 x 146 | 24.7 | 12.9 | 0.65 | 1.09 | 43 | 146 | 4580 | 391 | 371 | 60.5 |
W 24 x 131 | 24.5 | 12.9 | 0,605 | 0.96 | 38.5 | 131 | 4020 | 340 | 329 | 53 |
W 24 x 117 | 24.3 | 12.8 | 0.55 | 0.85 | 34.4 | 117 | 3540 | 297 | 291 | 46.5 |
W 24×104 | 24.1 | 12.75 | 0.5 | 0.75 | 30.6 | 104 | 3100 | 259 | 258 | 40.7 |
W 24 x 94 | 24.1 | 9.07 | 0,515 | 0,875 | 27.7 | 94 | 2700 | 109 | 222 | 24 |
W 24 x 84 | 24.1 | 9.02 | 0.47 | 0.77 | 24.7 | 84 | 2370 | 94.4 | 196 | 20.9 |
W 24 x 76 | 23.9 | 9 | 0.44 | 0.68 | 22.4 | 76 | 2100 | 82.5 | 176 | 18.4 |
W 24 x 68 | 23.7 | 8.97 | 0,415 | 0,585 | 20.1 | 68 | 1830 | 70.4 | 154 | 15.7 |
W 24 x 62 | 23.7 | 7.04 | 0.43 | 0.59 | 18.2 | 62 | 1550 | 34.5 | 131 | 9.8 |
W 24 x 55 | 23.6 | 7.01 | 0,395 | 0,505 | 16.2 | 55 | 1350 | 29.1 | 114 | 8.3 |
W 21 x 147 | 22.1 | 12.51 | 0.72 | 1.15 | 43.2 | 147 | 3630 | 376 | 329 | 60.1 |
W 21 x 132 | 21.8 | 12.44 | 0.65 | 1.035 | 38.8 | 132 | 3220 | 333 | 295 | 53.5 |
W 21 x 122 | 21.7 | 12.39 | 0.6 | 0.96 | 35.9 | 122 | 2960 | 305 | 273 | 49.2 |
W 21 x 111 | 21.5 | 12.34 | 0.55 | 0,875 | 32.7 | 111 | 2670 | 274 | 249 | 44.5 |
W 21×101 | 21.4 | 12.29 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 29.8 | 101 | 2420 | 248 | 227 | 40.3 |
W 21 x 93 | 21.6 | 8.42 | 0.58 | 0.93 | 27.3 | 93 | 2070 | 92.9 | 192 | 22.1 |
W 21 x 83 | 21.4 | 8.36 | 0,515 | 0,835 | 24.3 | 83 | 1830 | 81.4 | 171 | 19.5 |
W 21 x 73 | 21.2 | 8.3 | 0,455 | 0.74 | 21.5 | 73 | 1600 | 70.6 | 151 | 17 |
W 21 x 68 | 21.1 | 8.27 | 0.43 | 0,685 | 20 | 68 | 1480 | 64.7 | 140 | 15.7 |
W 21 x 62 | 21 | 8.24 | 0.4 | 0,615 | 18.3 | 62 | 1330 | 57.5 | 127 | 13.9 |
W 21 x 57 | 21.1 | 6.56 | 0,405 | 0.65 | 16.7 | 57 | 1170 | 30.6 | 111 | 9.4 |
W 21 x 50 | 20.8 | 6.53 | 0.38 | 0,535 | 14.7 | 50 | 984 | 24.9 | 94.5 | 7.6 |
W 21 x 44 | 20.7 | 6.5 | 0.35 | 0.45 | 13 | 44 | 843 | 20.7 | 81.6 | 6.4 |
W 18 x 119 | 19 | 11.27 | 0,655 | 1.06 | 35.1 | 119 | 2190 | 253 | 231 | 44.9 |
W 18×106 | 18.7 | 11.2 | 0.59 | 0.94 | 31.1 | 106 | 1910 | 220 | 204 | 39.4 |
W 18 x 97 | 18.6 | 11.15 | 0,535 | 0.87 | 28.5 | 97 | 1750 | 201 | 188 | 36.1 |
W 18 x 86 | 18.4 | 11.09 | 0.48 | 0.77 | 25.3 | 86 | 1530 | 175 | 166 | 31.6 |
W 18 x 76 | 18.2 | 11.04 | 0,425 | 0.68 | 22.3 | 76 | 1330 | 152 | 146 | 27.6 |
W 18 x 71 | 18.5 | 7.64 | 0,495 | 0.81 | 20.8 | 71 | 1170 | 60.3 | 127 | 15.8 |
W 18 x 65 | 18.4 | 7.59 | 0.45 | 0.75 | 19.1 | 65 | 1070 | 54.8 | 117 | 14.4 |
W 18 x 60 | 18.2 | 7.56 | 0,415 | 0,695 | 17.6 | 60 | 984 | 50.1 | 108 | 13.3 |
W 18 x 55 | 18.1 | 7.53 | 0.39 | 0.63 | 16.2 | 55 | 890 | 44.9 | 98.3 | 11.9 |
W 18 x 50 | 18 | 7.5 | 0,355 | 0.57 | 14.7 | 50 | 800 | 40.1 | 88.9 | 10.7 |
W 18 x 46 | 18.1 | 6.06 | 0.36 | 0,605 | 13.5 | 46 | 712 | 22.5 | 78.8 | 7.4 |
W 18 x 40 | 17.9 | 6.02 | 0,315 | 0,525 | 11.8 | 40 | 612 | 19.1 | 68.4 | 6.4 |
W 18 x 35 | 17.7 | 6 | 0.3 | 0,425 | 10.3 | 35 | 510 | 15.3 | 57.6 | 5.1 |
W 16 × 100 | 16.97 | 10,425 | 0,585 | 0,985 | 29.4 | 100 | 1490 | 186 | 175 | 35.7 |
W 16 x 89 | 16.75 | 10.365 | 0,525 | 0,875 | 26.2 | 89 | 1300 | 163 | 155 | 31.4 |
W 16 x 77 | 16.52 | 10.295 | 0,455 | 0.76 | 22.6 | 77 | 1100 | 138 | 134 | 26.9 |
W 16 x 67 | 16.33 | 10.235 | 0,395 | 0,665 | 19.7 | 67 | 954 | 119 | 117 | 23.2 |
W 16 x 57 | 16.43 | 7.12 | 0.43 | 0,715 | 16.8 | 57 | 758 | 43.1 | 92.2 | 12.1 |
W 16 x 50 | 16.26 | 7.07 | 0.38 | 0.63 | 14.7 | 50 | 659 | 37.2 | 81 | 10.5 |
W 16 x 45 | 16.13 | 7.035 | 0,345 | 0,565 | 13.3 | 45 | 586 | 32.8 | 72.7 | 9.3 |
W 16 x 40 | 16.01 | 6,995 | 0,305 | 0,505 | 11.8 | 40 | 518 | 28.9 | 64.7 | 8.3 |
W 16 x 36 | 15.86 | 6,985 | 0,295 | 0.43 | 10.6 | 36 | 448 | 24.5 | 56.5 | 7 |
W 16 x 31 | 15.88 | 5.525 | 0,275 | 0.44 | 9.12 | 31 | 375 | 12.4 | 47.2 | 4.5 |
W 16 x 26 | 15.69 | 5.5 | 0.25 | 0,345 | 7.68 | 26 | 301 | 9.6 | 38.4 | 3.5 |
W 14 x 132 | 14.66 | 14.725 | 0,645 | 1.03 | 38.8 | 132 | 1530 | 548 | 209 | 74.5 |
W 14 x 120 | 14.48 | 14.67 | 0.59 | 0.94 | 35.3 | 120 | 1380 | 495 | 190 | 67.5 |
W 14×109 | 14.32 | 14.605 | 0,525 | 0.86 | 32 | 109 | 1240 | 447 | 173 | 61.2 |
W 14 x 99 | 14.16 | 14.565 | 0,485 | 0.78 | 29.1 | 99 | 1110 | 402 | 157 | 55.2 |
W 14 x 90 | 14.02 | 14.52 | 0.44 | 0.71 | 26.5 | 90 | 999 | 362 | 143 | 49.9 |
W 14 x 82 | 14.31 | 10.13 | 0.51 | 0,855 | 24.1 | 82 | 882 | 148 | 123 | 29.3 |
W 14 x 74 | 14.17 | 10.07 | 0.45 | 0,785 | 21.8 | 74 | 796 | 134 | 112 | 26.6 |
W 14 x 68 | 14.04 | 10.035 | 0,415 | 0.72 | 20 | 68 | 723 | 121 | 103 | 24.2 |
W 14 x 61 | 13.89 | 9,995 | 0,375 | 0,645 | 17.9 | 61 | 640 | 107 | 92.2 | 21.5 |
W 14 x 53 | 13.92 | 8.06 | 0.37 | 0.66 | 15.6 | 53 | 541 | 57.7 | 77.8 | 14.3 |
W 14 x 48 | 13.79 | 8.03 | 0.34 | 0,595 | 14.1 | 48 | 485 | 51.4 | 70.3 | 12.8 |
W 14 x 43 | 13.66 | 7,995 | 0,305 | 0.53 | 12.6 | 43 | 428 | 45.2 | 62.7 | 11.3 |
W 14 x 38 | 14.1 | 6.77 | 0.31 | 0,515 | 11.2 | 38 | 385 | 26.7 | 54.6 | 7.9 |
W 14 x 34 | 13.98 | 6,745 | 0,285 | 0,455 | 10 | 34 | 340 | 23.3 | 48.6 | 6.9 |
W 14 x 30 | 13.84 | 6.73 | 0.27 | 0,385 | 8.85 | 30 | 291 | 19.6 | 42 | 5.8 |
W 14 x 26 | 13.91 | 5.025 | 0,255 | 0.42 | 7.69 | 26 | 245 | 8.9 | 35.3 | 3.5 |
W 14 x 22 | 13.74 | 5 | 0.23 | 0,335 | 6.49 | 22 | 199 | 7 | 29 | 2.8 |
W 12 x 136 | 13.41 | 12.4 | 0.79 | 1.25 | 39.9 | 136 | 1240 | 398 | 186 | 64.2 |
W 12 x 120 | 13.12 | 12.32 | 0.71 | 1.105 | 35.3 | 120 | 1070 | 345 | 163 | 56 |
W 12×106 | 12.89 | 12.22 | 0.61 | 0.99 | 31.2 | 106 | 933 | 301 | 145 | 49.3 |
W 12 x 96 | 12.71 | 12.16 | 0.55 | 0.9 | 28.2 | 96 | 833 | 270 | 131 | 44.4 |
W 12 x 87 | 12.53 | 12.125 | 0,515 | 0.81 | 25.6 | 87 | 740 | 241 | 118 | 39.7 |
W 12 x 79 | 12.38 | 12.08 | 0.47 | 0,735 | 23.2 | 79 | 662 | 216 | 107 | 35.8 |
W 12 x 72 | 12.25 | 12.04 | 0.43 | 0.67 | 21.1 | 72 | 597 | 195 | 97.4 | 32.4 |
W 12 x 65 | 12.12 | 12 | 0.39 | 0,605 | 19.1 | 65 | 533 | 174 | 87.9 | 29.1 |
W 12 x 58 | 12.19 | 10.01 | 0.36 | 0.64 | 17 | 58 | 475 | 107 | 78 | 21.4 |
W 12 x 53 | 12.06 | 9,995 | 0,345 | 0,575 | 15.6 | 53 | 425 | 95.8 | 70.6 | 19.2 |
W 12 x 50 | 12.19 | 8.08 | 0.37 | 0.64 | 14.7 | 50 | 394 | 56.3 | 64.7 | 13.9 |
W 12 x 45 | 12.06 | 8.045 | 0,335 | 0,575 | 13.2 | 45 | 350 | 50 | 58.1 | 12.4 |
W 12 x 40 | 11.94 | 8.005 | 0,295 | 0,515 | 11.8 | 40 | 310 | 44.1 | 51.9 | 11 |
W 12 x 35 | 12.5 | 6.56 | 0.3 | 0.52 | 10.3 | 35 | 285 | 24.5 | 45.6 | 7.5 |
W 12 x 30 | 12.34 | 6.52 | 0.26 | 0.44 | 8.8 | 30 | 238 | 20.3 | 38.6 | 6.2 |
W 12 x 26 | 12.22 | 6.49 | 0.23 | 0.38 | 7.7 | 26 | 204 | 17.3 | 33.4 | 5.3 |
W 12 x 22 | 12.31 | 4.03 | 0.26 | 0,425 | 6.5 | 22 | 156 | 4.7 | 25.4 | 2.3 |
W 12 x 19 | 12.16 | 4.005 | 0,235 | 0.35 | 5.6 | 19 | 130 | 3.8 | 21.3 | 1.9 |
W 12 x 16 | 11.99 | 3.99 | 0.22 | 0,265 | 4.7 | 16 | 103 | 2.8 | 17.1 | 1.4 |
W 12 x 14 | 11.91 | 3.97 | 0.2 | 0.225 | 4.2 | 14 | 88.6 | 2.4 | 14.9 | 1.2 |
W 10 x 112 | 11.36 | 10.415 | 0,755 | 1.25 | 32.9 | 112 | 716 | 236 | 126 | 45.3 |
W 10 × 100 | 11.1 | 10.34 | 0.68 | 1.112 | 29.4 | 100 | 623 | 207 | 112 | 40 |
W 10 x 88 | 10.84 | 10.265 | 0,605 | 0.99 | 25.9 | 88 | 534 | 179 | 98.5 | 34.8 |
W 10 x 77 | 10.6 | 10.19 | 0.53 | 0.87 | 22.6 | 77 | 455 | 154 | 85.9 | 30.1 |
W 10 x 68 | 10.4 | 10.13 | 0.47 | 0.77 | 20 | 68 | 394 | 134 | 75.7 | 26.4 |
W 10 x 60 | 10.22 | 10.08 | 0.42 | 0.68 | 17.6 | 60 | 341 | 116 | 66.7 | 23 |
W 10 x 54 | 10.09 | 10.03 | 0.37 | 0,615 | 15.8 | 54 | 303 | 103 | 60 | 20.6 |
W 10 x 49 | 9,98 | 10 | 0.34 | 0.56 | 14.4 | 49 | 272 | 93.4 | 54.6 | 18.7 |
W 10 x 45 | 10.1 | 8.02 | 0.35 | 0.62 | 13.3 | 45 | 248 | 53.4 | 49.1 | 13.3 |
W 10 x 39 | 9.92 | 7,985 | 0,315 | 0.53 | 11.5 | 39 | 209 | 45 | 42.1 | 11.3 |
W 10 x 33 | 9.73 | 7.96 | 0.29 | 0,435 | 9.71 | 33 | 170 | 36.6 | 35 | 9.2 |
W 10 x 30 | 10.47 | 5.81 | 0.3 | 0.51 | 8.84 | 30 | 170 | 16.7 | 32.4 | 5.8 |
W 10 x 26 | 10.33 | 5.77 | 0.26 | 0.44 | 7.6 | 26 | 144 | 14.1 | 27.9 | 4.9 |
W 10 x 22 | 10.17 | 5.75 | 0.24 | 0.36 | 6.5 | 22 | 118 | 11.4 | 23.2 | 4 |
W 10 x 19 | 10.24 | 4.02 | 0.25 | 0,395 | 5.6 | 19 | 96.3 | 4.3 | 18.8 | 2.1 |
W 10 x 17 | 10.11 | 4.01 | 0.24 | 0.33 | 5 | 17 | 81.9 | 3.6 | 16.2 | 1.8 |
W 10 x 15 | 9.99 | 4 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 4.4 | 15 | 68.9 | 2.9 | 13.8 | 1.5 |
W 10 x 12 | 9,87 | 3.96 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 3.5 | 12 | 53.8 | 2.2 | 10.9 | 1.1 |
W 8 x 67 | 9 | 8.28 | 0.57 | 0,935 | 19.7 | 67 | 272 | 88.6 | 60.4 | 21.4 |
W 8 x58 | 8.75 | 8.22 | 0.51 | 0.81 | 17.1 | 58 | 228 | 75.1 | 52 | 18.3 |
W 8 x 48 | 8.5 | 8.11 | 0.4 | 0,685 | 14.1 | 48 | 184 | 60.9 | 43.3 | 15 |
W 8 x 40 | 8.25 | 8.07 | 0.36 | 0.56 | 11.7 | 40 | 146 | 49.1 | 35.5 | 12.2 |
W 8 x 35 | 8.12 | 8.02 | 0.31 | 0,495 | 10.3 | 35 | 127 | 42.6 | 31.2 | 10.6 |
W 8 x 31 | 8 | 7,995 | 0,285 | 0,435 | 9.1 | 31 | 110 | 37.1 | 27.5 | 9.3 |
W 8 x 28 | 8.06 | 6,535 | 0,285 | 0,465 | 8.3 | 28 | 98 | 21.7 | 24.3 | 6.6 |
W 8 x 24 | 7.93 | 6,495 | 0,245 | 0.4 | 7.1 | 24 | 82.8 | 18.3 | 20.9 | 5.6 |
W 8 x 21 | 8.28 | 5.27 | 0.25 | 0.4 | 6.2 | 21 | 75.3 | 9.8 | 18.2 | 3.7 |
W 8 x18 | 8.14 | 5.25 | 0.23 | 0.33 | 5.3 | 18 | 61.9 | 8 | 15.2 | 3 |
W 8 x15 | 8.11 | 4.015 | 0,245 | 0,315 | 4.4 | 15 | 48 | 3.4 | 11.8 | 1.7 |
W 8 x 13 | 7.99 | 4 | 0.23 | 0,255 | 3.8 | 13 | 39.6 | 2.7 | 9.9 | 1.4 |
W 8×10 | 7.89 | 3.94 | 0.17 | 0,205 | 2.9 | 10 | 30.8 | 2.1 | 7.8 | 1.1 |
W 6 x 25 | 6.38 | 6.08 | 0.32 | 0,455 | 7.3 | 25 | 53.4 | 17.1 | 16.7 | 5.6 |
W 6 x 20 | 6.2 | 6.02 | 0.26 | 0,365 | 5.9 | 20 | 41.4 | 13.3 | 13.4 | 4.4 |
W 6 x16 | 6.28 | 4.03 | 0.26 | 0,405 | 4.7 | 16 | 32.1 | 4.4 | 10.2 | 2.2 |
W 6 x15 | 5.99 | 5.99 | 0.23 | 0.26 | 4.4 | 15 | 29.1 | 9.3 | 9.7 | 3.1 |
W 6 x12 | 6.03 | 4 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 3.6 | 12 | 22.1 | 3 | 7.3 | 1.5 |
W 6 x9 | 5.9 | 3.94 | 0.17 | 0.215 | 2.7 | 9 | 16.4 | 2.2 | 5.6 | 1.1 |
W 5 x19 | 5.15 | 5.03 | 0.27 | 0.43 | 5.5 | 19 | 26.2 | 9.1 | 10.2 | 3.6 |
W 5 x16 | 5.01 | 5 | 0.24 | 0.36 | 4.7 | 16 | 21.3 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 3 |
W 4 x 13 | 4.16 | 4.06 | 0.28 | 0,345 | 3.8 | 13 | 11.3 | 3.9 | 5.5 | 1.9 |
Njirimara
ASTM
NKWUKWU kemikal | |
Ihe | Pasent |
C | 0.23 |
Mn | 0.5-1.6 |
Si | 0.4 |
V | 0.15 |
Co | 0.05 |
P | 0,035 |
S | 0,045 |
Ozi eji arụ ọrụ | ||
Imperial | Metric | |
Ike tensile kacha | 65,000psi | 448 MPa |
Mpụta ike tensile | 50,000psi | 345 MPa |
Ngwakọta kemịkalụ na ihe eji arụ ọrụ enyere n'elu bụ mkpokọta izugbe. Biko kpọtụrụ onye njikwa ahịa anyị ka ị nweta akụkọ nnwale ihe.
W Beam Steelbụ profaịlụ akụ na ụba nke nwere akụkụ akụkụ nke yiri isi obodo mkpụrụedemede Latin h, nke a makwaara dị ka nchara nchara eluigwe na ala, flange I-beams sara mbara ma ọ bụ flange I-beams yiri ya. Akụkụ nke nchara ígwè H na-agụnye akụkụ abụọ: webụ na flange, nke a na-akpọkwa n'úkwù na nsọtụ. The web ọkpụrụkpụ nke H-ekara ígwè bụ ihe na-erughị nke nkịtị I-beams na otu web elu, na flange obosara bụ ukwuu karịa nke nkịtị I-beams na otu web elu, n'ihi ya, ọ na-akpọ wide flange I-beams.

w agba, n'ihi na ha dị elu arụmọrụ na-eri-irè, aghọwo a isi ihe maka oge a ígwè owuwu ma na-ọtụtụ ebe na:
Ihe owuwu: Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, okpokolo agba ụlọ elu dị elu, na ebe ndị buru ibu (dị ka ọdụ ụgbọ elu na ámá egwuregwu);
Injinia Bridge: Isi osisi na oghere maka ụzọ ụgbọ oloko na àkwà mmiri awara awara, karịsịa nnukwu ihe owuwu ígwè;
Imepụta igwe: Okpokoro akụrụngwa dị arọ, eriri egwu crane, keels ụgbọ mmiri, wdg;
Ụlọ ọrụ Energy na Chemical: Ngwunye igwe, ụlọ elu, olulu, na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ndị ọzọ.





1. Gịnị bụ ọnụ ahịa gị?
Ọnụ ahịa anyị nwere ike ịgbanwe dabere na ọkọnọ na ihe ndị ọzọ ahịa. Anyị ga-ezitere gị ndepụta ọnụahịa emelitere mgbe kọntaktị ụlọ ọrụ gị gasịrị
anyị maka ozi ndị ọzọ.
2. Ị nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ kacha nta?
Ee, anyị chọrọ iwu mba ụwa niile ka ha nwee ọnụ ọgụgụ kacha nta na-aga n'ihu. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-achọ ire ere mana na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta karị, anyị na-akwado ka ị lelee weebụsaịtị anyị
3. Ị nwere ike ịnye akwụkwọ ndị dị mkpa?
Ee, anyị nwere ike ịnye ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gụnyere Asambodo Analysis / Conformance; mkpuchi; Mmalite, na akwụkwọ mbupu ndị ọzọ ebe achọrọ ya.
4. Gịnị bụ nkezi ụzọ oge?
Maka ihe nlele, oge ụzọ bụ ihe dịka ụbọchị 7. Maka mmepụta oke, oge ụzọ bụ 5-20 ụbọchị mgbe ị nwetasịrị nkwụnye ego nkwụnye ego. Oge ndu na-adị irè mgbe
(1) anyị enwetala nkwụnye ego gị, yana (2) anyị nwere nkwenye ikpeazụ gị maka ngwaahịa gị. Ọ bụrụ na oge ndu anyị anaghị arụ ọrụ na njedebe gị, biko jiri ire gị gafee ihe ịchọrọ. N'ọnọdụ niile, anyị ga-agbalị ịnabata mkpa gị. Ọtụtụ mgbe, anyị na-enwe ike ime otú ahụ.
5. Kedu ụdị ụzọ ịkwụ ụgwọ ị na-anabata?
30% tupu T / T, 70% ga-adị tupu mbupu isi na FOB; 30% tupu oge eruo site na T / T, 70% megide akwụkwọ nke BL isi na CIF.